Approach to Diabetic Foot

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a worldwide emerging chronic disease with a trend of increasing incidence. Among many complications, ‘diabetic foot’ is a severe complication of diabetes with significant morbidity and mortality. Death rate correlated with the emergence of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is estimated to be 2.5-5% in a year. The classical therapeutic approaches to diabetic foot ulcers are; medical cleaning, apparelling moist wound environment and secretion control, wound off-loading, vascular assessment, infection and glycaemic control, which are coordinated by multidisciplinary diabetic foot wound clinics. Despite these inclusive approaches, DFU development with a quiet scope and consequences of the complication are still important problems to focus on. Various treatment modalities have to be examined and implemented to minimize DFU emergement backgrounds and cut off rates. In order to define a preventive and therapeutic approach to DFU, the researchers analyzed the proof and principles for the contemporary commanding systems and considered the strength of adjuvant methods. The adjuvant treatment modalities searched about diabetic foot problems are nonsurgical debridement tools, apparelling and local agents, oxygen therapeutics, topical negative pressure wound treatment, acellular bio products, human growth factor, modern energy therapies, and systemic therapies. Although a large proportion of the data about these modalities are small in amount and randomized controlled trials have high risks of bias, many of these agents have been shown to be beneficial in improving wound healing rates.