A Review on Recent Advances and Novel Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer View PDF

Akhil Sunkara
Medicine, Government Medical College-Metugadda, India

Published on: 2024-08-21

Abstract

The complexity of cancer’s mechanism, the different stages it progresses through, and the lack of adequate screening and identification procedures make effective treatment challenging. A pancreatic cancer diagnosis is usually made at an advanced stage of progression, with a survival rate of less than five years. Among all mortality-associated cancers, pancreatic cancer is ranked seventh among all cancers causing mortality over other accidental or disease-based deaths. To combat pancreatic cancer, we must develop diagnostic procedures, understand mechanisms linked to the disease, and devise various therapeutic approaches. Molecular techniques and biomedicines for effectively treating cancer are described in this review as well as recent developments concerning pancreatic cancer progression, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.

Keywords

Cancer, Biomolecules, Molecular mechanism, Therapeutics, Pancreas

Introduction

An abdomen-based gland, the pancreas, is affected by pancreatic cancer, a fatal disease. Human pancreatic cancer is considered to be the third most common type of cancer. It is imperative that patients are recognized early so that they can receive the most effective treatment possible and have the best chance of survival. The majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. There will be 53,090 new cases of pancreatic cancer diagnosed in the United States this year, and more than 41,170 new cases of the disease will be diagnosed [1, 2]. It is therefore important to continue developing new and improved techniques to detect the disease earlier, so that lives can be saved. Only 9% of those with pancreatic cancer will survive within five years due to its destructive nature and poor prognosis. Many people don’t know they have pancreatic cancer until it is too late due to the vague symptoms of the disease. Jaundice, weight loss, and right abdominal pain are among its primary symptoms. Cancer in the pancreas is also difficult to detect early using traditional imaging methods, due to its difficulty reaching and diagnosing. It is critical, however, to diagnose and treat diseases early in order to improve survival rates [3]. However, diagnostic tools are still limited, and the methods of early detection are better than ever. An x-ray, ultrasound, MRI, and CT scan can all be used to detect pancreatic tumors. By using these tests, it is possible to determine the extent of the tumor and its location. If certain risk factors are present, it can be detected early through blood tests [4-8]. The detection of cancer cells can also be aided by the application of specific biomarkers. The inner lining of the digestive tract is examined by endoscopy, a minimally invasive procedure using a tube attached with a tiny camera to detect pancreatic cancer. It is possible to validate the removal of a tissue sample from the pancreas in order to test for cancer cells during this process. Furthermore, staging determines whether your cancer has spread beyond the pancreas and risks that need to be assessed to provide effective diagnosis and treatment.