Cancer Aggregates Pattern among Families in Iraq

Abstract

Breast cancer is first ranking malignancies in Iraq. Family history of cancer is an important factor for cancer occurrence and development in next generation. The study aimed to determine the validity of family history of cancer by population-based and clinic-based family registries, evaluate the concurrence of cancer affected by family history in their first-, and second-degree relatives. An observational study of total 62 relatives membered of 44 Iraqi breast cancer families were included. We conducted study at period between December 2018 and June 2019. Data collected according NCCN Genetic Testing Criteria for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. Risk ratio (RR) used to evaluating predilection of family cancer risk. We addressed forty-four Iraqi breast cancer families who have sixty-two members with cancer. The age mean± SD was 51.8±12.6, and median=48.5 years. Meanwhile the age mean± SD=51.6±11.9 years for relatives. M:F ratio equal to 3:1.Sister, mother and aunt/uncle were most common relative affected. Breast cancer represented the most frequent types found in 46.7% of patients. Mothers (RR=1.313), and/or sisters (RR=1.6), lead to increased risk of cancer development in other family members or next generation. The first-degree relatives recorded more than the second-degree relatives. This is the first study conducting in Iraq dealing with cancer risk at the level of families. The age of patients didn’t differ from age at diagnosis, concluding there are no active screening programs run through Iraqi families. Sister, mother and aunt/uncle are the most relatives affect. The 1stdegree relatives were more frequent than the 2nd-degree. Breast cancer represented the most common types found members studied. Mothers and sisters have highly risk ratio for developing family cancer among other individuals.