Abnormal Lipids and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Association of Serum Lipids with HIV Status View PDF

^*Amit Munjal
Cardiologist, Heart Centre, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, Haryana, India

^*Corresponding Author:

Amit Munjal
Cardiologist, Heart Centre, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, Haryana, India

Published on: 2020-07-22

Abstract

Context and Aim: Hematological abnormalities are amongst the most common complications of infection with HIV. There have been quite a few studies on the alterations in lipid profile, too, though the results have largely been inconclusive. The present study was carried-out to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlates them with the sero-negative controls.
Materials and Methods: The present study was designed as a cross-sectional, hospital-based study to assess CD4 cell counts and lipid profile in the HIV infected and AIDS patients in the Indian population and correlates them with the sero-negative controls. Evaluation of lipid profile was done using Erba EM 360, an automated analyzer powered by a diffraction grating photometer while CD4 cell counts were evaluated using Partec Cyflow Counter.
Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Comparison of the said parameters was done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Games-Howell test. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) were significantly decreased while triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) were significantly increased in the HIV infected and AIDS patients when compared with the sero-negative controls.
Conclusion: Total cholesterol, LDLs, triglycerides and VLDLs were significantly altered in the HIV infected and AIDS patients when compared with the seronegative controls

Keywords

CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Dyslipidemias; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Serum; Lipids

Introduction

AIDS is an acronym for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome caused by a retrovirus known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which breaks down the body’s immune system leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or, unusual malignancies [1]. The two known types of this virus include the HIV-1 and HIV-2 which belong to a family of primate lentiviruses [2,3]. According to estimates by World Health Organization (WHO) and The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 35 million people were living with HIV globally at the end of the year 2013 [4]. The first AIDS case in India was detected in the year 1986 [4]. HIV is transmitted by both homosexual and heterosexual contact, by blood and blood products, by infected mothers to infants either via intra-partum or, peri-natal routes or, via breast milk and by occupational transmission [5].