Human Virome

Abstract

Microorganisms found upon and within the human body play an important role in health and disease. The human virome refers to a whole genome of the human viruses living on and inside us . The genetic material of viruses includes both DNA and RNA because viruses lack a universal sequence platform, which makes it difficult to detect them or analyse their composition. By Entrance of next-generation sequencing (NGS), technology allowed the researcher to determine all viral sequences in a given sample, through an expanding field called viral metagenomics. Several factors affect on virome variation between individuals such as disease exposure to it, diet, immune status and birth mode. The gut virome consists of prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses. However, prokaryotic viruses have an impact on human health by affecting the bacterial community function and structure. Bacteriophages are the most abundant enteric viruses. There is an interaction between virome and other members of the microbiome.